Testing
Servives
Testing
A test engineer is a professional who determines how to create a process that would best test a particular product in manufacturing and related disciplines, in order to assure that the product meets applicable specifications. Test engineers are also responsible for determining the best way a test can be performed in order to achieve adequate test coverage. Often test engineers also serve as a liaison between manufacturing, design engineering, sales engineering, and marketing communities as well.
Building Material
Cement
A cement is a binder, a substance used for construction that sets, hardens, and adheres to other materials to bind them together. Cement is seldom used on its own, but rather to bind sand and gravel together. Cement mixed with fine aggregate produces mortar for masonry, or with sand and gravel, produces concrete.
Admixture
Admixtures are added to the concrete, in addition to cement, water, and aggregate, typically immediately before or during the mixing process. Admixtures can be used to reduce the cost of building with concrete or to ensure certain required properties or quality of the cured concrete.
Fly Ash
The recent production of fly ash, a by-product from coal-based TPPs annually, is about 160 million tons (MT) and is expected to be about 600 MT by 2030 according to the current ENVIS CSIR report.
Building Bricks
A brick is a type of block used to build walls, pavements, and other elements in masonry construction. Properly, the term brick denotes a block composed of dried clay but is now also used informally to denote other chemically cured construction blocks.
Building Lime
Pure lime is produced either as putty or a powder. The powder is also known as Builders’ lime because it is generally available from builders merchants and is used by builders to gauge cement mortars, Hydrated lime, or dry hydrate, which is confusing because all lime is hydrated by virtue of having had water added.
Gypsum Plaster/Board
Drywall is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with or without additives, typically extruded between thick sheets of facer and backer paper, used in the construction of interior walls and ceilings.
Marble (Block/ Slab/ Tiles)
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite. Marble is typically not foliated, although there are exceptions. In geology, the term marble refers to metamorphosed limestone, but its use in stonemasonry more broadly encompasses unmetamorphosed limestone.
Granite
Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly solidifies underground. It is common in the Earth’s continental crust, where it is found in various kinds of igneous intrusions.
Aggregate
Construction aggregate, or simply aggregate, is a broad category of coarse- to medium-grained particulate material used in construction, including sand, gravel, crushed stone, slag, recycled concrete, and geosynthetic aggregates. Aggregates are the most mined materials in the world.
Steel Channel/ Beam/ Angel
A structural Angle is a steel bar that has an L-shaped cross-section. It is a piece of structural iron or steel in the form of a 90-degree angle. It is ideal for all structural applications, general fabrication, and repairs. This item can have equal-sized legs (or flanges); this is typically known as equal leg angle.
Steel Bar TMT
These bars are highly fabricated by top quality raw material and have a great performance level. Further, these metal bars are highly known for their long service life and their strong application.
Plywood
Plywood is a material manufactured from thin layers or “plies” of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another. It is an engineered wood from the family of manufactured boards which include medium-density fibreboard (MDF) and particle board (chipboard).
Water
Water for Drinking Purpose
Drinking water, also known as potable water, is water that is safe to drink or use for food preparation.
Water for Swiming Pool
There are many types of pool water available but the most common ones are chlorine and saltwater systems and we have made things easier for you by explaining what they are.
Water for Construction Purpose
Water to be used for construction purposes should be clean and clear. In other words, water should be potable.
Wastewater
Wastewater (or wastewater) is any water that has been contaminated by human use. Types of wastewater include domestic wastewater from households, municipal wastewater from communities (also called sewage), and industrial wastewater. Wastewater can contain physical, chemical, and biological pollutants.
Metals(Steel/Stainless Steel & alloy Steel)
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of a pure substance corresponds to the relative amounts of the elements that constitute the substance itself.
Physical Testing
A physical test is a qualitative or quantitative procedure that consists of determination of one or more characteristics of a given product, process or service according to a specified procedure.
Tensile/ Yield/ Elongation
The extent to which something can be stretched without breaking.
Hardness
Hardness is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation induced by either mechanical indentation or abrasion.
Bend Test
The bend test is a simple and inexpensive qualitative test that can be used to evaluate both the ductility and soundness of a material.
Cupping Test
Cupping test is a significant test to assess the ductile properties of the metal. In this test, a punching force is applied to the metal sheet of thickness from 0.2mm to 2mm.
Wrapping Test
The wrapping test is a ductility test which is employed to evaluate the ability of metallic wire to undergo plastic deformation during wrapping.
Impact
The action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another’ and ‘a marked effect or influence.
Metals(Aluminium/Brass/Copper)
Chemical Composition
Chemical composition refers to the identity and relative number of the chemical elements that make up any particular compound.
Physical Testing
A physical test is a qualitative or quantitative procedure that consists of determination of one or more characteristics of a given product, process or service according to a specified procedure.
Tensile/ Yield/ Elongation
Ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress material can sustain prior to fracture, while elongation measures the test piece’s gauge length increase after fracture. Yield strength is the amount of stress applied when deformation begins.
Hardness (HV)
The Vickers hardness test was developed in 1921 by Robert L. Smith and George E. Sandland at Vickers Ltd as an alternative to the Brinell method to measure the hardness of materials.
Metals(Zinc/White Metals/Solders)
Chemical Composition
Chemical composition refers to the identity and the relative number of the chemical elements that make up any particular compound.
Zinc & it’s Alloy
Zinc is used to make many useful alloys. Brass, an alloy of Zinc that contains between 55% and 95% Copper, is among the best known alloys. Zinc is alloyed with Lead and Tin to make solder, a metal with a relatively low melting point used to join electrical components, pipes, and other metallic items.
White-Metals/ Solders
The white metals are a series of often decorative bright metal alloys used as a base for plated silverware, ornaments or novelties, as well as any of several lead-based or tin-based alloys used for things like bearings, jewellery, miniature figures, fusible plugs, some medals and metal type.
Corrosion Testing/Plating
Salt Spary Testing
The salt spray test is a standardized and popular corrosion test method, used to check corrosion resistance of materials and surface coatings. Usually, the materials to be tested are metallic and finished with a surface coating which is intended to provide a degree of corrosion protection to the underlying metal.
CASS Test
The Copper Accelerated Acetic Acid Salt Spray (CASS) test method is an aggressive accelerated corrosion test used to determine the corrosion resistance of various aluminum alloys and for testing chromium plating on zinc and steel die castings.
Humidity Test
Humidity is the concentration of water vapor present in the air. Water vapor, the gaseous state of water, is generally invisible to the human eye. Humidity indicates the likelihood for precipitation, dew, or fog to be present.
Plating Thickness
The flat surfaces and recesses create low and high current density zones, resulting in thicker or thinner plating on the same part. The component—a gear wheel, for example—may require a plating thickness of 1.5 mils overall, but on high current density areas, the thickness of the plated metal may exceed 8.0 mils.
Plastics (Raw Materials & Its Products)
Identifier of Polymer
Expert polymer and plastic identification testing is required during polymer product development, competitive analysis, reverse engineering, deformulation, layer identification, for material fingerprinting and polymer problem solving.
Filler Ash
This test is conducted as a means to quantify certain fillers and inorganic pigments. Ash % is widely used to verify filler content, which if out of spec may cause severe degradation in the field performance of the product.
Glass Content
The glass content, which is a signif- icant factor to evaluate the performance of BFS as a. replacement material for Portland cement, was investigated. using the X-ray diffraction method.
Tensile/ Flexural Properties
Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, or bend strength, or transverse rupture strength is a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test.
Hardness (Shore D)
The Shore D Hardness Scale measures the hardness of hard rubbers, semi-rigid plastics and hard plastics. How Do You Physically Measure A Material’s Hardness? The different Shore Hardness scales measure the resistance of a material to indentation.
Melt Flow Index
The Melt Flow Index is a measure of the ease of flow of the melt of a thermoplastic polymer. It is defined as the mass of polymer, in grams, flowing in ten minutes through a capillary of a specific.
Heat Deflection Under Load
The heat deflection temperature is a measure of polymer’s resistance to distortion under a given load at elevated temperature. … The deflection temperature is also known as the ‘deflection temperature under load’ (DTUL), ‘heat deflection temperature under load (HDTUL)’, or ‘heat distortion temperature’ (HDT).
Vicat Softening Point
Vicat softening temperature or Vicat hardness is the determination of the softening point for materials that have no definite melting point, such as plastics. It is taken as the temperature at which the specimen is penetrated to a depth of 1 mm by a flat-ended needle with a 1 mm² circular or square cross-section.
Imapct(Izod/Charpy)
The Charpy impact value (kJ/m2) is calculated by dividing the fracture energy by the cross-section area of the specimen. … The Izod impact value (J/m, kJ/m2) is calculated by dividing the fracture energy by the width of the specimen.
Compressive Strength
Compressive strength or compression strength is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size, as opposed to which withstands loads tending to elongate. In other words, compressive strength resists being pushed together, whereas tensile strength resists tension.
Cross Breaking Strength
It is expressed as the minimum tensile stress (force per unit area) needed to split the material apart. For example, if a metal rod one square inch in cross section can withstand a pulling force of 1,000 pounds but breaks if more force is applied, the metal has a breaking strength of 1,000 pounds per square inch.
Flammability
Flammable materials are combustible materials that ignite easily at ambient temperatures. In other words, a combustible material ignites with some effort and a flammable material catches fire immediately on exposure to flame.
Paper & Its Products
ph/SI/SO4/pb/Ash/Acidity/Moisture
It is important that the pH of the paper is 6.0 or higher. Therefore, a spot of chlorophenol red solution applied to the material being tested should turn purple or slightly purple, indicating a pH of 6.4 or better.
Taer Strength / Water penetration bulk/ Bulk Factor/ Bursting Strength
Tear resistance is a measure of how well a material can withstand the effects of eating. It is a useful engineering measurement for a wide variety of materials by many different test methods.
Rubber/Synthetic Rubber(Raw & Its Products)
Identifier of Polymer
Expert polymer and plastic identification testing are required during polymer product development, competitive analysis, reverse engineering, deformulation, layer identification, material fingerprinting, and polymer problem-solving.
Ingredients(Ash/ Carbon Black/ Total Extract/ Sulphur)
Synthetic rubber, like other polymers, is made from various petroleum-based monomers. The most prevalent synthetic rubber is styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) derived from the copolymerization of styrene and 1,3-butadiene.
Filler Analysis
Thermogravimetry (TG or thermogravimetric analysis, TGA) is the most common method for determining the filler content, e.g., carbon black, within a polymer, e.g., rubber material.
Polymer Content
Polymer Contents contains the tables of contents of the leading international polymer journals, preprints, proceedings, newsletters, and selected serial book titles. Each issue contains the contents received during the past month.
Tensile Strength
Tensile strength, often shortened to tensile strength, ultimate strength, or within equations, is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking.
Hardness(shore A)
The Shore durometer is a device for measuring the hardness of a material, typically of polymers, elastomers, and rubbers. Higher numbers on the scale indicate a greater resistance to indentation and thus harder materials. Lower numbers indicate less resistance and softer materials.
Heat Ageing
Heat aging testing, also called oven aging or accelerated aging, is used to determine the service temperatures for a product or material by using heat to accelerate the aging process.
Fluid Resistance
Fluid resistance is a general term describing the extent to which a rubber product retains its original physical characteristics and ability to function when it is exposed to oil, chemicals, water, organic fluids or any liquid which it is likely to encounter in actual service.
Low-Temperature Bend Test
The test is a measurement of the retraction of material by 10% (TR10) and the temperature at which the material retracts by 70% (TR70), which is when crystallization tends to occur may correlate with low-temperature compression set.
Corrosion of Metal
Corrosion is when a refined metal is naturally converted to a more stable form such as its oxide, hydroxide or sulphide state this leads to deterioration of the material.
Resistance to Crystallization
The Zr50.7Ni28Cu9Al12.3 amorphous alloy and its crystallization counterparts have been prepared using a melt spinning technique and proper annealing treatment. The as-annealed products at 768 K are amorphous composites consisting of a main amorphous phase and a few ZrO2 nanocrystals.
Compressibility under load
Soil compressibility under static loading is most commonly obtained from measurements of the pre-compaction stress by CCT. Compressibility is the change in pore volume or void ratio (Δε) with stress increment (Δσ).
Compression Set
The compression set of a material is the permanent deformation remaining after removal of a force that was applied to it. The term is normally applied to soft materials such as elastomers. Compression is normally measured in two ways: compression set A and compression set B.
Tear Strenght
Tear resistance is a measure of how well a material can withstand the effects of tearing. It is a useful engineering measurement for a wide variety of materials by many different test methods.
Density
The density, of a substance, is its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ, although the Latin letter D can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume: {\displaystyle \rho ={\frac {m}{V}}} where ρ is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume.
Carbon Black For Rubber
Chemical Testing
Chemical testing tells us what a certain material or product is made of. Various chemical testing methods are used across a wide range of industries to help manufacturers and suppliers ensure their products comply with regulatory safety requirements.
Ash Content
Ash content represents the incombustible component remaining after a sample of the furnace oil is completely burned. The ash content of petroleum products is generally low. It is defined as inorganic residue that remains after combustion of the oil in air at specific high temperature. Ash ranges from 0.1–0.2%.
Ph of Water Extract
The pH values for cold extraction were obtained after mixing 1.00 g of ground paper with 70 ml of distilled water, pH=6.6 to 6.9, at 20° to 30° C, allowing the mixture to stand for 1 hour and then measuring with a glass electrode by direct insertion into the paper- water mixture.
Relative Density
Relative density, or specific gravity, is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of given reference material. Specific gravity for liquids is nearly always measured with respect to water at its densest; for gases, the reference is air at room temperature.
Sulphur Content
5 Sulphur Compounds. The Sulphur content of crude oils varies from less than 0.05 to more than 10 wt% but generally falls in the range 1–4 wt%. Crude oil with less than 1 wt% sulphur is referred to as low sulphur or sweet, and that with more than 1 wt% sulphur is referred to as high sulphur or sour.
Volatile Matter
Volatile matters are those components of fuel which are readily burnt in the presence of oxygen. This is usually a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons, short and long-chain hydrocarbons, and sulfur.
Water-Soluble Chloride/ Sulphates
Water-soluble chlorides, however, are not bound and can move through the concrete’s capillary pores. Between 50 and 75% of the total chloride content in concrete is estimated to be water soluble and a contributor to reinforcing steel corrosion.
Particle Size Distribution
“Particle size distribution” is an index (means of expression) indicating what sizes (particle size) of particles are present in what proportions (relative particle amount as a percentage where the total amount of particles is 100 %) in the sample particle group to be measured.
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